Latest Evidence, Research and Guidelines
Risk factors for Dementia 2024 update: A Lancet report
Longitudinal Ageing Study In India- LASI Wave 1 reports-
Dementia in Low-middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
McGrattan, A. M., Pakpahan, E., Siervo, M., Mohan, D., Reidpath, D. D., Prina, M., Allotey, P., Zhu, Y., Shulin, C., Yates, J., Paddick, S. M., Robinson, L., Stephan, B. C. M., & DePEC team (2022). Risk of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Alzheimer’s & dementia (New York, N. Y.), 8(1), e12267. https://doi.org/10.1002/trc2.12267
Evidence for type of Dementia interventions
- Blanco-Silvente L, Castells X, Saez M, Barcelo MA, Garre-Olmo J, Vilalta-Franch J et al (2017) Discontinuation, efficacy, and safety of cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis and meta-regression of 43 randomized clinical trials enrolling 16,106 patients. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 20(7):519–528
- Cui CC, Sun Y, Wang XY, Zhang Y, Xing Y (2019) The effect of anti-dementia drugs on Alzheimer disease-induced cognitive impairment: A network meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 98(27):e16091
- Li D-D, Zhang Y-H, Zhang W, Zhao P (2019) Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the efficacy and safety of donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and memantine for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Front Neurosci 13(472)
- Su J, Liu Y, Liu Y, Ren L (2015) Long-term effectiveness of rivastigmine patch or capsule for mild-to-severe Alzheimers disease: A meta-analysis. Expert Rev Neurother 15(9):1093–1103
- Birks JS, Evans JG (2015) Rivastigmine for Alzheimer’s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (4):Cd001191
- McShane R, Westby MJ, Roberts E, Minakaran N, Schneider L, Farrimond LE et al (2019) Memantine for dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (3)
- Li D-D, Zhang Y-H, Zhang W, Zhao P (2019) Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the efficacy and safety of donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and memantine for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Front Neurosci 13(472)
- Blanco-Silvente L, Capella D, Garre-Olmo J, Vilalta-Franch J, Castells X (2018) Predictors of discontinuation, efficacy, and safety of memantine treatment for Alzheimer’s disease: metaanalysis and meta-regression of 18 randomized clinical trials involving 5004 patients. BMC Geriatr 18(1):168
- Black S, Román GC, Geldmacher DS, Salloway S, Hecker J, Burns A, Perdomo C, Kumar D, Pratt R; Donepezil 307 Vascular Dementia Study Efficacy and tolerability of donepezil in vascular dementia: positive results of a 24-week, multicenter, international, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Stroke. 2003;34:2323–2330. doi: 10.1161/01. STR.0000091396.95360.E1.
- Wilkinson D, Doody R, Helme R, Taubman K, Mintzer J, Kertesz A, Pratt RD; Donepezil 308 Study Group. Donepezil in vascular dementia: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Neurology. 2003;61:479–486.
- Román GC, Salloway S, Black SE, Royall DR, Decarli C, Weiner MW, Moline M, Kumar D, Schindler R, Posner H. Randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of donepezil in vascular dementia: differential effects by hippocampal size. Stroke. 2010;41:1213–1221. doi: 10.1161/109.570077
- Ballard C, Sauter M, Scheltens P, He Y, Barkhof F, van Straaten EC, van der Flier WM, Hsu C, Wu S, Lane R. Efficacy, safety and tolerability of rivastigmine capsules in patients with probable vascular dementia: the VantagE study. Curr Med Res Opin. 2008;24:2561–2574. doi: 1185/03007990802328142
- McShane R, Westby MJ, Roberts E, Minakaran N, Schneider L, Farrimond LE, Maayan N, Ware J, Debarros J. Memantine for dementia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2019, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD003154. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003154.pub6
- Matsunaga S, Kishi T, Yasue I, Iwata N. Cholinesterase Inhibitors for Lewy Body Disorders: A Meta-Analysis. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2015 Jul 28;19(2):pyv086. doi: 10.1093/ijnp/pyv086. Erratum in: Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016 Apr 27;: PMID: 26221005; PMCID: PMC4772820.
- Meng YH, Wang PP, Song YX, Wang JH. Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for Parkinson’s disease dementia and Lewy body dementia: A meta-analysis. Exp Ther Med. 2019 Mar;17(3):1611-1624. doi: 10.3892/etm.2018.7129. Epub 2018 Dec 24. PMID: 30783428; PMCID: PMC6364145.
- Dyer SM, Harrison SL, Laver K, Whitehead C, Crotty M. An overview of systematic reviews of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for the treatment of behavioral and
psychological symptoms of dementia. International psychogeriatrics. 2018 Mar;30(3):295-309. - Bessey, L. J., & Walaszek, A. (2019). Management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Current psychiatry reports, 21, 1-11.
- Kales, H. C., Kern, V., Kim, H. M., & Blazek, M. C. (2020). Moving evidence-informed assessment and management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia into the real world: training family and staff caregivers in the DICE approach. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 28(12), 1248-1255.
- Chen, A., Copeli, F., Metzger, E., Cloutier, A., & Osser, D. N. (2021). The Psychopharmacology Algorithm Project at the Harvard South Shore Program: an update on management of behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia. Psychiatry Research, 295, 113641.
- Tampi RR, Tampi DJ, Balachandran S, et al. Antipsychotic use in dementia: a systematic review of benefits and risks from meta-analyses. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2016; 7: 229–245.
- Steinberg M and Lyketsos CG. Atypical antipsychotic use in patients with dementia: managing safety concerns. Am J Psychiatry 2012; 169: 900–906
- Hui, E. K., Wong, G. H. Y., Tischler, V., Yuan, S. N. V., Leung, W. G., Saunders, R., Suen, L. W., & Spector, A. (2022). Virtual individual cognitive stimulation therapy in Hong Kong: A mixed methods feasibility study. Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.), 47, 125–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.07.010
- Aguirre, E., Spector, A., Hoe, J., Russell, I. T., Knapp, M., Woods, R. T., & Orrell, M. (2010). Maintenance Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) for dementia: a single-blind, multi-centre, randomized controlled trial of Maintenance CST vs. CST for dementia. Trials, 11, 46. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-11-46
- Raghuraman, S., Lakshminarayanan, M., Vaitheswaran, S., & Rangaswamy, T. (2017). Cognitive Stimulation Therapy for Dementia: Pilot Studies of Acceptability and Feasibility of Cultural Adaptation for India. The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 25(9), 1029–1032. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2017.04.014
- Perkins, L., Fisher, E., Felstead, C., Rooney, C., Wong, G. H. Y., Dai, R., Vaitheswaran, S., Natarajan, N., Mograbi, D. C., Ferri, C. P., Stott, J., & Spector, A. (2022). Delivering Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) Virtually: Developing and Field-Testing a New Framework. Clinical interventions in aging, 17, 97–116. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S348906
- Yates, L. A., Leung, P., Orgeta, V., Spector, A., & Orrell, M. (2014). The development of individual cognitive stimulation therapy (iCST) for dementia. Clinical interventions in aging, 10, 95–104. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S73844
- Cooper, C., Li, R., Lyketsos, C., & Livingston, G. (2013). Treatment for mild cognitive impairment: systematic review. The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 203(3), 255–264. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.127811
- Goodall G, Taraldsen K, Serrano JA. The use of technology in creating individualized, meaningful activities for people living with dementia: A systematic review. Dementia. 2021 May;20(4):1442-69.
- Lautenschlager NT, Cox K, Cyarto EV. The influence of exercise on brain aging and dementia. Biochimica et biophysica acta (BBA)-Molecular basis of disease. 2012 Mar 1;1822(3):474-81.
- McDermott O, Crellin N, Ridder HM, Orrell M. Music therapy in dementia: a narrative synthesis systematic review. International journal of geriatric psychiatry. 2013 Aug;28(8):781-94.
- Forrester LT, Maayan N, Orrell M, Spector AE, Buchan LD, Soares‐Weiser K. Aromatherapy for dementia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2014(2).
- Woods B, O’Philbin L, Farrell EM, Spector AE, Orrell M. Reminiscence therapy for dementia. Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2018(3).
- Chiu HY, Chen PY, Chen YT, Huang HC. Reality orientation therapy benefits cognition in older people with dementia: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2018 Oct 1;86:20-8.
- Tuohy D, Kingston L, Carey E, Graham M, Dore L, Doody O. A scoping review on the psychosocial interventions used in day care service for people living with dementia. Plos one. 2023 Dec 11;18(12):e0295507
- Stoner CR, Lakshminarayanan M, Mograbi DC, Vaitheswaran S, Bertrand E, Schimidt Brum P, Durgante H, Ferri CP, Mkenda S, Walker R, Dotchin C. Development and acceptability of a brief, evidence-based Dementia Awareness for Caregivers course in low-and middle-income countries. Dementia. 2022 Feb;21(2):598-617.
- Livingston G, Barber J, Rapaport P, Knapp M, Griffin M, King D, Livingston D, Mummery C, Walker Z, Hoe J, Sampson EL. Clinical effectiveness of a manual based coping strategy programme (START, STrAtegies for RelaTives) in promoting the mental health of carers of family members with dementia: pragmatic randomised controlled trial. Bmj. 2013 Oct 25;347.
- Webster L, Amador S, Rapaport P, Mukadam N, Sommerlad A, James T, Javed S, Roche M, Lord K, Bharadia T, Rahman‐Amin M. Tailoring STrAtegies for RelaTives for Black and South Asian dementia family carers in the United Kingdom: A mixed methods study. International journal of geriatric psychiatry. 2023 Jan;38(1):e5868.
- Lamech et al., (2017) The support needs of family caregivers of persons with dementia in India: Implications for health services. Dementia, DOI: 10.1177/1471301217744613
Guideline for cognitive disorders- World Psychiatric Association
Regier, D. A., Kuhl, E. A., & Kupfer, D. J. (2013). The DSM-5: Classification and criteria changes. World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 12(2), 92–98. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20050
